The terpenes are organic chemical compounds responsible for the distinctive aromas and flavors of plants.
In cannabis plants, terpenes are found in the resin glands of the flowers, specifically in the trichomes, and they have significant therapeutic and modulating effects on the human body. Each cannabis plant originating from a seed has a unique cannabinoid profile that is not found in the same way in any other plant.
What are terpenes used for?
- They protect the plant by reacting to predator attacks, producing more bitter terpenes in the attacked areas.
- They benefit the plant by producing sweeter terpenes to attract insects for biological control.
- They are exuded in resin in the form of a sticky substance that covers the plant, trapping insects and preventing predation.
- They cool the plant; when it feels heat, it synthesizes more terpenes, which evaporate, creating air ducts that reduce its temperature and prevent transpiration to avoid dehydration.
- They contribute unique organoleptic properties to each cannabis variety.
Cannabis plants have many terpenes (more than 100), but there are six basic terpenes that make up the essential oil in all cannabis varieties.
Myrcene
Properties: anti-inflammatory, sedative, hypnotic, analgesic, muscle relaxant, adrenergic, and enhancer of cannabinoid effects.
Examples of strains rich in myrcene: White Widow, OG Kush.
Most prevalent in indica varieties, which have a relaxing effect.
Pinene
Properties: antibiotic, anti-inflammatory, and bronchodilator. It may favorable effects on memory and reduce the negative effects of THC on memory.
Examples of strains rich in pinene: Jack Herer, Blue Dream.
Limonene
Properties: anti-inflammatory, relaxing, antioxidant, anxiolytic (anxiety-reducing), stress-relieving, and mood-enhancing. It has therapeutic effects on certain dermatological conditions and possesses antiseptic properties.
Examples of strains rich in limonene: Lemon Skunk, Super Lemon Haze.
Linalool
Properties: anxiolytic (anxiety-reducing), anesthetic, analgesic, sedative, anticonvulsant. It is also effective for epilepsy.
Examples of strains rich in linalool: Amnesia Haze, Cheese.
Eucalyptol
Properties: anti-inflammatory, analgesic, immunosuppressive, and anti-leukemic. It is effective in asthma and sinusitis.
Examples of strains rich in eucalyptol: Super Silver Haze, Headband.
Most prevalent in sativa varieties, which have an uplifting effect.
Caryophyllene
Properties: anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anticoagulant, and gastric protector. It is also effective for atypical dermatitis in animals.
Examples of strains rich in caryophyllene: Jack Herer, White Widow.
It is the terpene identified by police dogs trained to detect cannabis.
*NOTE: Our information is based on scientific studies or outreach; if you are considering using cannabis, please consult with a specialized medical professional.